At OPTOM 2022 experts advise a balanced diet and antioxidant foods for eye health

The beneficial and antioxidant components for eye health, among others, are lutein, zeaxanthin, vitamins C and E, zinc and AGP n-3

During the last day 27th Congress of Optometry, Contactology and Ophthalmic Optics – OPTOM 2022a master conference entitled Food, nutrition and visual health. A review of the evidence, imparted by Javier Aranceta Bartrina, PhD, a specialist in Preventive Medicine and Public Health.

The impairment of vision is an important public health problem that affects some hundreds of millions of people around the world, and it is estimated that about 80% of them can be prevented or treated. The causes of eye diseases are complex and involve multiple factors but, according to experts, oxidative stress has been involved as a common causal mechanism. “The eye is an organ that is especially susceptible to oxidative stress due to its high oxygen consumption, the high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids and also the continuous exposure to the visible light of can energy. This combination of factors favors the formation of reactive oxygen species that can damage the eye tissues. For some time, there has been great interest in investigating the role of antioxidants in diet and the potential beneficial therapeutic effects of supplementation with vitamins and minerals as a strategy for the prevention and control of these problems,” explained Javier Aranceta.

According to the expert, among the main causes of blindness are the cataracts and macular degeneration associated with age (DMAE), and both pathologies have been the subject of numerous nutritional studies. They are diseases of origin and multifactorial development, so treatment approaches should also be diverse, including nutrition. “It is certainly important to avoid the risk factors involved in the different eye pathologies, such as quitting tobacco, to reduce as much as possible the continuous solar exposure, using protective sunglasses that maximize ultraviolet radiation, and to encourage the intake of foods rich in beneficial and antioxidant components such as lutein, zeaxanthin, vitamins C and E, zinc and AGP n-3, among others.

DMAE is a complex problem involving a number of risk factors. Studies in animals and cell cultures have seen that oxidative stress is a factor that contributes to their development. The possible association between dietary antioxidants and the development of macular degeneration has been investigated and, in particular, the possible contribution of the increase in the intake of antioxidant vitamins and minerals to prevent or delay the problem. The role of some essential fatty acids has also been investigated for the anti-inflammatory potential of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. “If we conduct a systematic review of guidelines for the prevention of DMAE from different countries, we will find that eight of these guides contemplate recommendations on dietary changes for primary prevention; in some cases recommend supplementation with lutein and zeaxanthin and, in another case, suggest that supplementation with antioxidants may be beneficial for those who have nutritional deficits, while in five guides the prevention of high doses is not beneficial. Herramientas y Apps IA

At its conference, in relation to the right food for the prevention of eye disease, the speaker suggested eating a balanced and healthy diet (meditaneous diet), and increasing the consumption of foods rich in macular carotenoids (lutein and zeaxanthin). Lutein is found in the dark green leaves; like spinach, curly cabbage and cabbage, as well as in broccoli, papaya, orange, mango, green beans or beans, peaches, potatoes, pumpkin, red grapes and green peppers. The zeaxanthin, for its part, is found in corn, pumpkin, orange, mango, cabbage, apricots, peaches and orange pepper. “It is also very important to consume fatty fish, source of omega 3 acids and, in terms of antioxidant supplements, all guides refer to the combination of vitamins, zinc and carotenoids used in AREDS studies,” he said.

On the oxidative stress and the resulting damage caused in the crystalline proteins, the lecturer stressed that it is a known causal factor that influences the initiation and progression of the formation of cataracts, so the interest of antioxidants has also been suggested. “It has been suggested that some nutraceuticals might be of interest in early stages of diabetic retinopathy to prevent their progression, for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, although most of the studies at the time are animal or in vitro studies,” he concluded.

At OPTOM 2022 experts advise a balanced diet and antioxidant foods for eye health

The beneficial and antioxidant components for eye health, among others, are lutein, zeaxanthin, vitamins C and E, zinc and AGP n-3 /COMUNICAE/ /COMUNICAE/

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2024-09-22

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